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- In surgical resection the entire organ affected by a tumour is removed,
in most cases together with a large amount of surrounding tissue.
- In radiotherapy
the affected tissue is exposed to an accurately directed beam of radiation. Electromagnetic radiation
and subatomic particles are used, mostly in combination with other methods.
- Chemotherapy
is drug therapy with chemical substances known as cytotoxic
agents that inhibit the growth of, or kill,
tumour cells.
- Hormones promote
the growth of cells. In hormonal therapy removal of
the hormonal stimulus to growth can halt, or at least significantly reduce, tumour growth.
- In
immunotherapy the immune system is put on a higher level of alertness with respect to cancer cells.
Typical substances are interferons, interleukins and monoclonal
antibodies.
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